礦山井下IT配電系統絕緣監測的應用
礦山井下it配電系統絕緣監測的應用
applicationofinsulationmonitoringofitdistributionsysteminmine
摘要:眾所周知,能源作為經濟發展的重要引擎,堪稱是國民經濟的命脈。采礦業一直是能源工業的重要支柱,我國的礦業生產主要來自井下開采,環境惡劣,就以煤礦為例,煤礦井下存在水、火、瓦斯、煤塵、**板五大自然災害,加上生產環境復雜,易發生惡性事故。出于安全考慮,礦山井下低壓配電系統按規定采用的是it系統。it系統就是電源中性點不接地、用電設備外露可導電部分直接接地(pe線)的系統。it系統的特點是發生*①次接地故障時,接地故障電流僅為非故障相對地的電容電流,其值很小,外露導電部分對地電壓不**過50v,不需要立即切斷故障回路,因此可以保證供電的連續性。但此時非故障相對地電壓會升高1.732倍,對線路耐壓要求提升;同時一旦發生二次接地,則構成危險的相間短路,所以須配置絕緣監測裝置,以便在發生*①次接地時就要及時排除隱患。而對于以煤礦為典型代表的井下環境來說,在開采過程中,由于工作場所空間小、縱深長,加上空氣潮濕、多塵、巷道滴水和積水等諸多惡劣因素,很*引起電纜和電氣設備老化和絕緣電阻下降,從而導致井下設備、電纜經常發生絕緣強度降低、單相漏電或單相接地故障,不及時處理就可能進一步發展成相間短路。因此,井下作業人員比正常環境下較*遭受電擊的危險,而且還可能導致瓦斯、煤塵的爆炸。
顯而易見,對礦山井下it系統的實時絕緣監測具有較重要的意義。
asweallknow,energyisanimportantengineofeconomicdevelopmentanditisalsothelifebloodofthenationaleconomy.theminingindustryhasalwaysbeentheimportantpillaroftheenergyindustry.china’sminingproductionmainlycomesfromundergroundwheretheenvironmentisharsh.forexample,therearefivenaturaldisasters:water,fire,gas,coaldust,andcoalseamroof.inaddition,theproductionenvironmentiscomplexandit’seasytocausethefatalaccidents.
forsafetyreasons,thelow-voltagepowerdistributionsysteminthemineadoptsanitsystem.itisasystemthatneutralisungroundedandconductivepartoftheloadisdirectlygrounded(peline).thefeaturesoftheitsystemisthatwhenthefirstgroundingfaultoccurs,thecurrentofgroundingfaultisverysmall,thevoltageofexposedconductiveparttogroundisbelow50v,itisunnecessarytocutoffthefaultcircuitimmediately,soitcanensurethecontinuityofpowersupply.butatthistime,thevoltageofnon-faultrelativetogroundwillincreaseby1.732times,andtherequirementforlinewithstandvoltagewillincrease.atthesametime,onceasecondarygroundingoccurs,itwillleadtoadangerousphase-to-phaseshort-circuit,soaninsulationmonitoringdeviceshouldbeinstalledwhichcanhelpeliminatehiddendangersintimewhenthefirstgroundingoccurs.forthecoalmineasthetypicalrepresentativeofundergroundenvironment,intheprocessofmining,duetolimitedspace,longindepth,humidair,dustiness,waterloggedroadway,andmanyotheradversefactors,itiseasytocausethecableinsulationresistanceandelectricequipmentaginganddecline,theundergroundequipmentandcablesoftensufferfrominsulationstrengthreduction,single-phaseleakageorsingle-phasegroundingfault,ifnothandledintime,itmayfurtherdevelopintophasetophaseshortcircuit.asaresult,undergroundworkersaremorevulnerabletoelectricshockthantheywouldbeinaregularenvironment,andmayalsocauseexplosionofgasandcoaldust.
obviously,ithasmoreimportantsignificanceforthereal-timeinsulationmonitoringofmineitsystem.
1.國內外絕緣監測儀在線監測現狀
onlinemonitoringstatusofinsulationmonitorsathomeandabroad
我國的電氣設計在之初師從前蘇聯電氣規范,主要是廣泛的采用tn—c系統,它可以節省一根pe線,比較經濟,但存在很多缺點,如中性線斷裂后設備外殼對地將帶220v危險接觸電壓,不能裝用rcd防電擊等等。**之后我國引進了**電工學會標準,也隨著我國電氣技術的不斷提高,在應用中tn-s、tt、it系統得到了一定程度的推廣和應用,以it系統為例,在醫療it方面目前應用比較成熟,但在很多工業場合,由于對接地系統的理解和應用尚不盡深入和全方面,比如煤礦井下場合比較缺乏國產絕緣監測裝置就是一個證明。目前礦用井下it系統的絕緣監測裝置以進口品牌為主,歐美等發達國家已經較廣泛地在it配電網絡中應用絕緣檢測技術,而且經過長期的在線運行使發達國家積累了大量監測數據和經驗,這是目前國內生產廠家需要學習和追趕的。
但采用進口品牌絕緣監測裝置造價昂貴,而且人機界面往往是英文,不利于現場人員的使用,在這種背景下,也不斷有國內企業逐步推出了自己的工業用絕緣監測裝置,其中就包括了安科瑞電氣有限公司的aim-t系列絕緣監測儀。
atthebeginningofthefoundingofthepeople'srepublicofchina,china'selectricaldesignwasbasedontheformersovietunion'selectricalcode,mainlyusingtn-csystem.itcansaveapeline,whichismoreeconomical,buttherearemanydisadvantages,suchas,aftertheneutrallinebreaks,theequipmentshelltothegroundwillhaveadangerouscontactvoltageof220v,andrcdcannotbeinstalledtopreventelectricshock,etc.afterthereformandopeningup,chinahasintroducedthestandardsofiec,andwiththecontinuousimprovementofelectricaltechnologyinchina,tn-s,ttanditsystemshavebeenpromotedandappliedtoacertainextent.forexample,theapplicationinmedicalitisrelativelymatureatpresent,butinmanyindustrialoccasions,duetotheunderstandingandapplicationofgroundingsystemisnotthoroughandcomprehensive,forexample,thelackofdomesticinsulationmonitoringdeviceincoalmineisaproof.atpresent,theinsulationmonitoringdevicesofmineundergrounditsystemaremainlyimportedbrands.insulationdetectiontechnologyhavebeenwidelyusedinitdistributionnetworkindevelopedcountriessuchaseuropeandtheunitedstates.andtheyhaveaccumulatedalotofmonitoringdataandexperienceafteralong-termonlineoperation.thisiswhatdomesticmanufacturersneedtolearnandcatchupwith.
however,itisexpensivetouseimportedbrandinsulationmonitoringdevices,andthehuman-computerinterfaceisofteninenglish,whichisnotconducivetotheuseoffieldworkers.therearealsodomesticenterpriseswhichhavegraduallylaunchedtheirownindustrialinsulationmonitoringdevices,includingtheaim-tseriesinsulationmonitoringdevicesofacrel.
2安科瑞工業絕緣監測儀
acrelindustrialinsulationmonitor
aim-t系列絕緣監測儀主要應用在工業場所it配電系統中,主要包括aim-t300、aim-t500和aimt500l三款產品,均適用于純交流、純直流以及交直流混合的系統。
其中aim-t300適用于450v以下的交流、直流以及交直流混合系統,aim-t500適用于800v以下的交流、直流以及交直流混合系。aim-t500l則是相比aim-t500增加了絕緣故障定位功能。
aim-tseriesinsulationmonitorismainlyusedinitpowerdistributionsystemofindustrialsite,includingaim-t300,aim-t500andaim-t500l,whichareallapplicabletopureac,puredcandac/dchybridsystems.
aim-t300issuitableforac,dcandac/dchybridsystemsbelow450v,andaim-t500issuitableforac,dcandac/dchybridsystemsbelow800v.aim-t500lhasthefunctionofinsulationfaultlocationcomparedwithaim-t500.
1)aim–t系列產品的技術參數如下表所示:
thetechnicalparametersofaim-tseriesproductsareshowninthetablebelow:
2)aim–t系列產品的典型應用如下圖所示:
thetypicalapplicationofaim-tseriesproductsisshowninthefollowingfigure:
3小結 summary
安科瑞aim-t系列工業用絕緣監測儀目前已經在礦井、紙業、船舶、冶金廠等的諸多工業場合的it系統中得到了應用,能夠實時監測系統對地的絕緣狀況,在系統出現絕緣下降或接地故障時,及時報警提醒相關人員排查故障,在應用中起到了很好的監控和預防效果。
atpresent,acrelaim-tseriesindustrialinsulationmonitorhasbeenappliedintheitsystemofmanyindustrialoccasions,suchasmine,paperindustry,ship,metrgyplant,etc.itcanmonitortheinsulationconditionofthesystemtothegroundinrealtime.whenthesystemhasinsulationdroporgroundfault,itcanalarmandremindrelevantpersontocheckthefault,whichhasagoodmonitoringandprevention
江蘇安科瑞電器制造有限公司專注于餐飲油煙在線監測系統,油煙濃度在線監控系統,工業企業能源管理系統,企業綜合能源管理系統等